自上料搅拌车使用过程中的大部分时间罐体都在转动，操纵机构直接控制罐体的进料、搅拌、搅动、出料、停转等工作状态。下面来分析自上料搅拌车操纵机构设计吧。

Most of the time during the use of the feeding mixer, the tank body rotates. The operating mechanism directly controls the feeding, mixing, stirring, discharging, stopping and other working states of the tank body. Let's analyze the design of the control mechanism of the self feeding mixer.

一、操纵机构的形式

1、 Form of operating mechanism

1、操纵机构根据其连接方式，一般有三种形式:

1. There are generally three types of operating mechanism according to its connection mode:

（1）机械连杆方式

(1) Mechanical linkage mode

使用连杆连接到整车后端的两个连动的操纵手柄，可以从车辆的两面操作。此种连接方式可靠，结构比较复杂，易于维护。

It can be operated from both sides of the vehicle by using two interlocking operating handles connected to the rear end of the vehicle by connecting rods. This type of connection is reliable, complex in structure and easy to maintain.

（2）软轴方式

(2) Flexible shaft mode

使用软轴连接到整车后端的一个操纵手柄，仅能从车辆的单面操作。此种操纵机构相对简单，比较美观，但软轴一旦损坏就无法修复。因此搅拌车使用这种操纵方式并不多见。

A joystick connected to the rear end of the vehicle with a flexible shaft can only be operated from one side of the vehicle. The operating mechanism is relatively simple and beautiful, but once the flexible shaft is damaged, it cannot be repaired. Therefore, this kind of operation mode is rarely used by mixer trucks.

（3）电控方式

(3) Electric control mode

使用电动方式调节油泵转向，线路元件损坏，非专业人员一般难以修复。搅拌车属于工程车辆，运行工况较复杂，在国内很少使用。

When the oil pump steering is adjusted by electric means, the circuit components are damaged and it is difficult for non professional personnel to repair. Mixer truck belongs to engineering vehicle, and its operation condition is complex, so it is rarely used in China.

二、操纵机构需要实现的功能

2、 Functions to be realized by the control mechanism

1、驾驶室内可以控制罐体运转

1. The operation of the tank can be controlled in the cab

驾驶室内的操纵手柄有两个作用，一是防止在运行时罐体停转或者反转，二是方便进排料。注:笔者看到利勃海尔的搅拌车在驾驶室内不安装操纵手柄，原因是担心司机在卸料时无法看到后面的施工人员，可能会产生安全隐患。

The operating handle in the cab has two functions, one is to prevent the tank from stopping or reversing during operation, and the other is to facilitate feeding and discharging. Note: the author saw that Liebherr's mixer truck is not equipped with a control handle in the cab, because he is worried that the driver cannot see the construction personnel behind during unloading, which may cause potential safety hazards.

2、在整车后部设置操纵手柄，可对罐体进行控制。

2. The control handle is set at the rear of the vehicle to control the tank.

三、设计时应注意的问题

3、 Problems needing attention in design

目前搅拌车主要使用的机械连杆式操作机构。下面主要针对连杆式操纵机构的设计进行分析。

At present, the mechanical connecting rod type operating mechanism is mainly used in the mixer truck. The following mainly analyzes the design of the linkage type control mechanism.

1、操纵机构的功能性要求

1. Functional requirements of operating mechanism

操纵机构要求从驾驶内和整车后部均可以灵活操纵。操纵机构需要控制上装的油泵和发动机的油门。操纵机构通过控制油泵的斜盘拉杆调节罐体的正反转。由于油泵的斜盘拉杆的角度和作用力不同，这就要求对不同的油泵设计不同的放大机构。

The control mechanism is required to be flexible from the inside of the vehicle and the rear of the vehicle. The control mechanism needs to control the mounted oil pump and the throttle of the engine. The control mechanism adjusts the forward and reverse rotation of the tank body by controlling the swash plate pull rod of the oil pump. Since the angle and force of the swash plate pull rod of the oil pump are different, it is required to design different amplification mechanisms for different oil pumps.

2、操纵机构的可靠性要求

2. Reliability requirements for operating mechanism

搅拌车在运行过程中需要保证罐体的正向运转，但搅拌车运行的工况一般较差，操纵手柄的振动容易导致油泵的斜盘拉杆复位，罐体可能会出现停转或者反转卸料现象。司机在行车时往往注意不到罐体的运转情况，可设计驾驶室内的操纵手柄锁紧机构来确保罐体的正常转动。

During the operation of the mixer truck, it is necessary to ensure the normal operation of the tank. However, the operation condition of the mixer truck is generally poor. The vibration of the control handle easily causes the swash plate pull rod of the oil pump to reset, and the tank may stop or reverse discharge. The driver often fails to notice the operation of the tank when driving. The locking mechanism of the operating handle in the cab can be designed to ensure the normal rotation of the tank.

3、操纵机构的可维护性

3. Maintainability of control mechanism

操纵机构难免损坏，要方便维护，及时排除故障。

The operating mechanism is inevitably damaged. It shall be convenient for maintenance and timely troubleshooting.

对搅拌车罐体的操作有多种方式，但原理基本相同。由于搅拌车工作环境比较恶劣，在实现功能性的同时，关键要提高操纵机构的可靠性和可维护性。更多相关内容就来我们网站http://www.zkzsljbc.com咨询了解吧。

There are many ways to operate the mixer tank, but the principle is basically the same. Due to the poor working environment of the mixer truck, the key is to improve the reliability and maintainability of the operating mechanism while realizing the functionality. For more information, please visit our website http://www.zkzsljbc.com Consult and understand.